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Researchers Built The Simplest Artificial Cell: A Lipid Bubble, Enzymes And Pores That Move Toward Chemical Signals (Chemotaxis). Using, E.G., Urease & Membrane Pores, The Bubble Moved Without Flagella, Relying Solely On Chemical Reactions & Flow. More Pores Showed Stronger Chemotaxis, Offering Insight Into Complex Cell Motion & Evolution.

https://interestingengineering.com/science/world-simplest-artificial-cell-unveiled

Researchers at the Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) have shown how to program tiny bubbles to follow chemical trails.